What are the primary actions of the pronator teres?

The primary actions of the pronator teres muscle include forearm pronation and elbow flexion. The pronator teres is located in the forearm and is responsible for turning the palm of the hand downward (pronation), which is a critical movement in activities such as using a screwdriver or typing. Additionally, the muscle assists in flexing the elbow joint when the arm is in a pronated position, contributing to various activities that require bending the arm.

This understanding is essential because it highlights the dual function of the pronator teres as both a pronator and a flexor, distinguishing it from muscles that perform actions such as wrist movements or extension, which are not its primary functions. Understanding these specific actions provides clarity on how muscles work together during complex movements.